Impbovement -in lamp buenees



IMPROVEMENT LAMP Bonuses.

, To ALL WHOMA IT MAY cortona.

Letters Patentlvo. 60,499, dated DecemberlS, 186.6; ntedated December 4, 1.866,'

@the dgaile aferra' tu it tgmtetta what aut mating gufi ti ttt same.

Be it known that I, JOHN A. FREY, Yof the city of Washingtom Districtl of Columbia, have invented niet? and useful improvements in Burners and Lamps for burning oil in thevproduetion of light; and I do herebyl declare the following to be an exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon, making a part 4of this specification, in yvhich- Figure 1 is a sectional view of the lamp; and l Figure A2,3. top view of theA burner or top ofthe lamp.

A The nature of my invention consists in the construction of Aa circular burner with square apertures and4 Y perforations, to dispense with metallic tubes passing into and resting in the oil or iluid that are attached to circular burners, that invariably-heat the oil and` cause explosions; valso to lprevent the burner from being heated and melted, as frequently happens. The object also being to allow the yair to passt-hroughthe sides ofthe round l tubes or burner above the oil, to aidl combustion. Also a guard on the lamp to regulate the ame in a steady,

bright light, so that a suddenpuii' of air cannctforce the'silame upward ina flash, or extinguish it whilst moving the-lamp. Also. an outer air chamber to aid combustionby a proper'draught, the air, striking the top of the dame.,- I have'. alsoa reservoir of Wate'rrin .the .centre of Ythe lamp, to aid .combustion and heap theoil oooland prewentl the evaporation of the oil.

The lamp, A, may be madebf metal or-glassfand of any desirable shape or form. It is intended to contain oil for the purpose of producing light. In the centre of this lamp, A, is a cone-shaped water tube or reservoir,-

through which passes a tube, C, forthe free transmission of air, andthe rack and pinion, or a screw, D, is `used for the purpose of raising the wick in the burner, E. On the top ofl the lamp is a circular guard, F, to l prevent any sudden transmission of air to the burner, Wick, or flame, that so frequently'extinguishes the flame when the lamp is suddenly moved. The burner is'attached to the lamp by a screw and socket, G. It consists of two upright circular tubes, H and E. The ci1cular`wick, K, is between the inner and outer tube,.E and H. button, J, may be used to disseminate the dame and make a more perfect combustion On. each side ofA the tubes, near the lamp, are apertures, L, for thetransmission of air to the inside of the wick or burner. Through the tubes above the apertures L, small holes, M, are made for the transmission of air out of the lamp or burner.

The outer tube, H, is surrounded by'a cone-shaped apron,`N, through whichI are two air passages, I), squareshaped, for the transmission of air to the outside of the .wick or ilarne. An air chamber, R, is formed in the upper part of the apron N, and the air is admitted through holes, S, on the inside. -The apron N supports the ordinary glass chimney, and' is secured'to the tubes Hand E, on the inside, by spr-ings, T. lThe burnerAcan be l* used upon common'ilamps, light-houses, and head-lights Aor cars. One great peculiarity of the'bu'rn'er and lamp' is, that I have no metallic tubes passinglthrough the oil or luidto heat and occasion arapid evaporation, flickering, and extinction of the light, that not unfreq'uently melts the burner and occasionsv explosions. Another is,

that the air is introduced above the lamp as well as through it, giving itfree ventilation and aiding'. combustion.

At all times'there is more or l'e'ss air in the lamp and burner between the flame and oil oriiuid, and any sudden concussion forces the air from the lamp, and through'the tubes, and occasions too'much flame and smoke. To avoid this, the. small holes, M,'are made in the outer or inner tubes; they operate as' safety valves, and the compressed air passes through them instead ofv going direct to the dame. By this combination of devices a perfect combustion is produced, one-third more light is obtained than in the common circular burners, one-third less oil. or Huid is consumed, andthe danger of explosions materially lessened. i

In ordinary lamps the most volatile and the most valuable part of the oil or iiuid is first consumed or passes nii', and thena poorer quality is burned, as is 4fully shown by the light being-diminished after it has burned ten or fifteen minutes. With the application of water in the tube B, and the free ventilationvof air, the'. burner and the oil or fluid 'are kept perfectly cool, and the-most volatile or valuable part is retained untilconsumed bythe combustion', and thus the ame is increased and less quantity of oil or fluid consumed,'and no dangerofI explosion, i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to'secure by Letters Patent, is- I1. The squarb apertures L, and the perforations M, of the circular burner, to regulatel'and keep the 'burner wel, without any metallic tubes passing into or through the oil or iiuid.`

2.` I also claim the outer air chamber B, in cmbina'tion with the apron N, and springs T, as herein described. 3. I also claim the circular guard F, on the top of the lamp, in combination with the burner, as herein described, to prevent any sudden transmission of air.

4. lI also claim tile cone-shapedreservoir of water in the centre of the lamp, for the purposes set fort/h.

JOHN A. FREY, Witnesses:

J. FRANKLIN REIGART, EDM. F.' BROWN. 

